Category: Pets

The dog treat aisle of your favorite pet store is undoubtedly filled with rawhide chews in various shapes, sizes, flavors and brands. Despite its popularity, there are conflicting opinions about rawhide for dogs based on how it’s made, whether it’s safe for your dog and what alternatives exist. Fortunately, if you wish to avoid rawhide chews altogether, there are many great rawhide alternatives including things like dental chews and bully sticks. Let’s paw through it.

What is rawhide?

Rawhide chews are dried animal skins, made from the leftovers of the leather industry. Rawhide is the inner layer (hypodermic interstitial tissue) of cow, horse and pork hides and is separated at the slaughterhouse.

How is rawhide made?

Most rawhide is made overseas, and it’s preserved in a high-salt brine to slow decay during transport. When it’s ready for processing, it’s treated with lime to separate the fat from the hide, and then other chemicals are used for hair removal. Next, it’s rinsed and, if needed, bleached to appear whiter and cover the signs of decay. Afterward, the hide is sanitized, usually in a hydrogen peroxide bath, rolled into sticks, or shredded and molded into a shape, and dried. Finally, the rawhide is packaged and shipped to stores.

Where is rawhide made?

Today, there are only about 30 U.S. tanneries in operation. Most tanneries use an enormous amount of water and produce large volumes of wastewater. As a result, a majority of rawhide products are made in China, Mexico and South America, which have fewer environmental law restrictions.

U.S. rawhide products tend to be fresher because they travel a shorter distance by truck, instead of across the ocean on container ships, and are frozen for transport instead of placed in salt brine.

Photo 2: Dog rawhide chews are made typically made from cow and pork hides and come in many sizes and shapes. ©Rachel Phelps

Should I give my dog rawhide?

Most dogs are a fan of this popular go-to chew. Their owners are too, because

• Rawhide satisfies a dog’s natural instinct to chew. It is an excellent positive alternative to your pup chewing up your shoes, TV remotes, furniture and other household items.
• It helps keep a dog’s teeth clean. Rawhide acts like a doggie toothbrush that helps reduce plaque and tartar buildup and keeps their gums healthy.
• Canines have been eating dried animal hides for thousands of years, so it is a great way to encourage a dog’s scavenging instinct and stimulate your dog.
• Rawhides are inexpensive treats.

Is rawhide bad for my dog?

Of course, there is always a downside, even to dog chews.

• Due to the manufacturing process, there can be trace elements of toxic chemicals and bacteria contamination, such as Salmonella or coli, that could make you or your dog ill.
• Your dog may be sensitive to rawhide or even allergic to the chemicals used to make it. This could lead to digestive issues such as diarrhea.
• Rawhide chews can be a choking hazard. Not only can rawhide cause serious gastrointestinal upset, explains Dr. Whitney Bruce, partner veterinarian at Wills Animal Hospital in Owensboro, Kentucky, but they can even lead to emergency surgeries. Pets can suffer obstruction, or a serious blockage of their stomach or intestines, which can result in death if not treated appropriately, says Dr Bruce.
• Rawhide can cause tooth breakage. The rawhide is hard and dense once dried and rolled into dog chews. If a dog is an aggressive chewer, or already has damaged teeth, chewing the tough hide could lead to teeth breaking or cracking – sometimes requiring surgery to remove the broken teeth. The rawhide could also cause cuts and scratches in the mouth and esophagus.
• There may be subpar quality and a lack of safety standards at the manufacturing plant. Since most rawhides are made in China, they do not have to abide by the U.S. laws concerning product purity and safety. Also, the tanners are not required to disclose or recall products that may be unsafe.

What are rawhide alternatives?

There are many excellent rawhide chew alternatives. These products are typically made from ingredients more easily digestible than rawhide but have a similar look and texture. Since rawhide is not recommended for dogs under six months of age due to teeth breakage and smaller mouths and digestive tracts, these alternatives are great for a teething puppy.

• Beef and Pig Ears – Bring out your dog’s natural scavenging instinct with flavor-packed natural ears. The Farm Hound brand even has ears that still have the hair on them. This hair acts as a digestive aid and a natural dewormer. However, ears in general, have higher fat, so they are not suitable for canines who require a low-fat diet. $3.49 – $6.99. 
• Bully Sticks – These single – ingredient sticks are a highly digestible chew made from beef pizzle (a muscle). These sticks come in various sizes, shapes, flavors and even three braided sticks. $2.09 – $13.09 
• Cod Skin Rolls – These low odor chews from Tickled Pet are great for many dogs with allergies. These chews are made with only one ingredient, dehydrated salmon skin, and are full of healthy Omega-3 oils. Available in eight to 10 roll packages for $16.99. 
• Collagen Chews – Collagen is a protein found in the skin’s inner layer called the corium. It is one of the critical components in an animal’s connective tissue. “Collagen chews are excellent for your furry friend as it provides protein that is naturally abundant in your pet’s body,” explains Traci Mierzwa, brand manager for the Barkworthies dog chew brand. “While rawhides provide a great distraction to your pet, our 100% digestible collagen chews are minimally processed to ensure the key nutrients are there to promote healthy skin and coat, aid in bone and joint health, and the simple act of chewing prevents tartar and plaque buildup.” Chews start at $9.99. 
• Dental Chews – One of the big benefits of a rawhide is to keep your dog’s teeth clean and tartar free. There are some great rawhide chew alternatives designed specifically for dental health, like the brand Loving Pets Ora-Bone Dental Treats. Their unique design features a central bulb that cleans behind the dog’s teeth and the roof of the mouth while the nibs massage gums and scrape the tongue. These chews come in three sizes. Ten chews for $13.99. 
• Tough Toys – Goughnuts brand dog toys are made for the most aggressive chewers. These 100% natural rubber toys are perfect for the toughest chewers and have a lifetime guarantee. These even have a chew toy safety indicator (a colored rubber strip in the center) that lets you know when it’s time to replace the toy. According to president and founder Amy Rockwood, the rubber recipes are developed by an in-house engineer, and the molds are designed for even the toughest chewers. The toys are available in different strength levels for all different sizes and types of chewers. $10-$25 each.

Dogs should always be supervised when chewing on rawhide – no matter what chew you pick – in case they gag or choke on the item. If the chew becomes too small (small enough for your dog to swallow it whole), take it from your dog immediately and promptly dispose of it.

Now that you understand how rawhide chews are made, the benefits of giving rawhide and the potential risks, plus the many great rawhide alternatives, you can make a better-informed decision on the best chew for your pet.

Even when our pets live long and happy lives, it’s really never long enough. The decision to let a beloved pet go is never an easy one, but if your dog is suffering, putting your dog down is the most compassionate thing to do.

What is euthanasia?

The term “putting a dog down” is common but somewhat old-fashioned and impersonal. “Putting a dog to sleep” is also commonly used. Most veterinarians and pet parents prefer the term “euthanasia.” But all of these terms boil down to the same thing: to humanely end a pet’s life in order to stop or prevent unnecessary suffering due to an incurable medical condition or injury.

How much does it cost to put a dog down?

The cost of euthanasia varies depending on where you have the procedure done and where you live. Generally speaking, rates can start anywhere from between $50 to $150, but there are other factors to consider, such as the dog’s weight and the types of instruments used. Some vets combine all these factors into one package.

Dr. Ernie Ward, an internationally recognized veterinarian and author of The Clean Pet Food Revolution, says he always believed in a single fee for euthanasia. Currently, my old clinics charge about $150 (in rural North Carolina), he says. The pets at his clinics are always sedated prior to the procedure and an IV catheter is placed to administer the euthanasia solution. Pet owners are encouraged to remain with the pet throughout the entire procedure.

Does it cost more to euthanize my dog at home?

Some pet parents opt to have the procedure done at their home, where the dog is surrounded by family and familiar sights and smells. This can cost anywhere from about $150 to upwards of $300. My sister recently had to have her beloved cat euthanized and opted to have the procedure done in her home in Los Angeles. She says the $350 procedure (and $285 cremation) was definitely worth it.

If the expense is an issue, approach veterinary service companies, charities and local veterinarians to see if they can provide euthanasia at a discount. It never hurts to ask!

Many animal shelters also offer euthanasia services. Pricing can be as low as $50 to $75 for basic euthanasia.

Should I bury or cremate my dog?

Burial is the most expensive option, which can run from about $200 to $2,000. Costs include the burial plot, casket, headstone, etc.

Dog cremation is the most popular, and less expensive, option. There are two types:

1. Communal cremation: In this process, multiple animals are cremated at one time, which means you can’t keep your dog’s ashes. This option is the least expensive, running about $30 to $70.
2. Private cremation: In this method, your dog is cremated alone, and the ashes are returned to you to keep as a remembrance. Prices can run anywhere from $175 to $250. Dr. Ward uses an outside cremation service provider for those who want it. The pet cremation service charges $175 to $285 based on the size of the pet.

There’s no way around it – choosing to end your beloved dog’s life is a hard choice, but it’s also a compassionate one when your dog is suffering and in pain. Being prepared, discussing your options and knowing the costs will help when the time comes to make this difficult decision.

Trazodone is rising up the ranks as veterinarians’ go-to medication to help dogs of all ages and breeds contend with behavioral issues, including anxiety, noise phobias and stress. This antidepressant is regarded as a relatively safe and effective medication to tone down worried and frightened dogs and cats.

What is trazodone for dogs?

In technical terms, trazodone is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Its mission is to enable the feel-good hormone serotonin to work harder and more efficiently in a dog’s brain to help him feel less stressed and calmer.

Generally, trazodone is prescribed for dogs with situational anxiety, such as when their levels of fear, anxiety and stress escalate during specific times and events, according to Dr. Robin Downing, founder of the Downing Center for Animal Pain Management and director of the Windsor Veterinary Clinic in Windsor, Colorado. Dr. Downing is recognized as an international leader in animal pain management.

Is Trazodone used for people?

Trazodone, which is the generic name (the brand names are Desyrel and Oleptro), was initially used in human medication for patients dealing with schizophrenia and major depression. While it is not approved for use in companion animals by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration, trazodone is often prescribed for dogs and cats by veterinarians a what is called an “off-label” drug.

According to Dr. Lisa Radosta, a board-certified veterinary behaviorist who operates the Florida Veterinary Behavior Service in Southeast Florida, trazodone is commonly administered to dogs as a white tablet. Doses vary based on the pet’s size and other factors. Less commonly, trazodone is prescribed in liquid or capsule forms, she adds.

When is trazodone prescribed for dogs?

Trazodone is often prescribed to aid dogs facing these scenarios:

• Visibly and uncontrollably shaking, drooling and maybe even urinating in a veterinary lobby while awaiting examination. These heightened stress symptoms continue during the veterinary examination.
• Predicted loud events, such as a looming thunderstorm or Fourth of July fireworks celebrations within earshot of dogs who fear such sounds.
• Expected visit to a stranger’s home, where a shy dog may cower and shiver during introductions.
• Scheduled repairs or home improvements by a construction team that will alter the layout of the home, create loud noises from tools and give off unfamiliar scents to the family’s anxious dog.
• Planned family vacations by car. The long hours on the road and overnight stays in pet-welcoming lodgings can make some dogs stressed and anxious from the unfamiliar sights, sounds and smells.
• Following a surgery in which the dog needs to rest and have limited activity in order to completely heal.

Is there any research on trazodone for dogs?

In a 2016 study published in the AVMA Journal, a team of veterinarians led by Dr. Shana Gilbert-Gregory tested the effects of trazodone treatment for stress exhibited by hospitalized dogs. In the study, half of the 120 dogs were given trazodone, the other half were not. It was noted that dogs given trazodone displayed less frenetic behaviors, such as lip licking, panting and whining, than dogs not given the medication.

Dogster reached out to leading veterinarians, who shared more details about trazodone and how to safely give it to your dog.

How much trazodone should I give my dog?

Trazodone is sold per tablet and requires a prescription. It is available as 50-, 100- and 150-milligrams sizes.

What is the best way to give trazodone to your dog?

Trazodone is a slow-release medication, so have your dog swallow the pill whole, instead of crushing it up. Follow this with food. An empty stomach hastens the absorption of trazodone in the body, which could make your dog feel nauseated and drowsy.

How should I safely store trazodone?

Veterinarians recommend that you keep the prescription in its airtight bottle out of paw’s reach, such as in a kitchen drawer. Do not leave it on a counter in direct sunlight. It does not need to be refrigerated.

How long until it takes effect?

In general, the peak effect of trazodone can take up to three hours, depending on the dog, according to Dr. Downing. Although you can’t always predict stress-triggering events like a sudden thunderstorm, you can plan the dose for expected stressful situations, such as the arrival of houseguests or a trip to the veterinary clinic.

How often can I give my dog trazodone?

This medicine can be safely given once a day or as needed, depending on your dog’s behavioral issues and the veterinarian’s prescription instructions. But it is not recommended to give a dose more than every eight hours. Some dogs only need this medication as a single, situational dose to calm them. If trazodone is used every day, it can lose its effectiveness over time.

What happens if I skip a dose or accidentally give my dog extra doses of trazodone?

If you forget to give your dog a scheduled daily dose, do not double up on the next dose, cautions Dr. Downing. Giving extra doses of trazodone can be dangerous. If your dog does receive multiple extra doses over a period of days, contact your veterinarian promptly for treatment recommendations.

How will my dog act after being given trazodone?

Most dogs will appear to be relaxed and calm. Some, however, can resemble a person who is a bit tipsy after drinking alcohol, describes Dr. Downing. That is why she instructs pet parents to restrict any dogs acting “tipsy” from activities requiring balance and focus, such as swimming, running, hiking, fetching and climbing.

Dr. Radosta adds that trazodone is prescribed to act as a “chill pill” in dogs, at times reducing emotional distress. It is not a sedative and does not make the dog feel or act like a four-legged zombie.

How long does trazodone stay in my dog’s system?

Trazodone is a short-acting medication that should lose effectiveness within 24 hours. However, dogs with kidney or liver issues may experience longer effects.

What are trazodone’s side effects?

Some dogs can experience vomiting, diarrhea, upset stomachs, constipation, dizziness and changes in appetite when taking trazodone. Some dogs may display dilated pupils or lethargy. Contact your veterinarian if your dog experiences any of these symptoms at the onset before they become severe.

Is there any drug that works well in concert with trazodone?

Sometimes, trazodone is not quite enough to be effective in relieving stress and anxiety, and your veterinarian may also prescribe gabapentin, which is an anticonvulsant, or an anti-seizure medicine. Like trazodone, gabapentin is prescribed “off-label” to dogs by veterinarians.

Trazodone and gabapentin complement each other and work in different pathways in the body, explains Dr. Downing.

Can my dog take other medications with trazodone?

There are many medications that can interact with trazodone in dogs, but unless you are giving your dog trazodone regularly, there shouldn’t be any health issues from a once-in-a-while use, says Dr. Downing.

That said, drug interactions can occur if your dog is also on the following medications:

• Diuretics (commonly prescribed for dogs retaining excessive fluid or dealing with congestive heart failure)
• Some anti-hypertension drugs to control blood pressure
• Metoclopramide, an anti-vomiting drug used to treat acid reflux, nausea and vomiting
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as meloxicam or carprofen, used to ease joint pain, swelling and stiffness
• Tramadol, an opioid used to manage pain, including post-surgical and osteoarthritis in dogs

Herbal supplements that contain St. John’s Wort can also cause an adverse reaction, adds Dr. Downing.

What are other examples of “off-label” SSRIs that may be prescribed to dogs dealing with behavior disorders?

A popular SSRI is fluoxetine, which is found in Prozac and Reconcile.

Do non-prescription calming options work?

There is a growing number of companies manufacturing calming chews and oils that may reduce anxiety in some dogs. Ingredients typically include organic hemp seed oil, chamomile, ginger root, valerian root, melatonin and passion flower, which are all known for calming properties. Discuss these supplements with your veterinarian as dogs react differently to these ingredients.

What other non-medication options can be used to compliment trazodone?

Some dogs benefit from acupressure sessions, which release feel-good endorphins naturally, says Dr. Downing. Another option is a compression garment, such as ThunderShirt, that applies a steady pressure on their torsos, much like receiving a loving hug.

Adaptil gives off calming faux canine pheromones through a collar, spray or diffuser form, adds Dr. Radosta. Always consult your veterinarian before considering any of these options.

How can I tell if my dog is stressed?

Highly stressed dogs are easy to spot: They tend to whine or attempt to flee the situation by hiding or trying to dart out the door.

Stress happens to everyone, including people and dogs. The key is how you deal with it, says Dr. Radosta. Here are more-subtle signs that your dog might be scared or stressed:

• Acting clingy
• Squinting or blinking his eyes
• Licking his lips
• Lifting his front paw
• Pacing
• Refusing treats
• Shaking his body
• Suddenly shedding heavily
• Turning his head
• Yawning

How trazodone helped my dog, Bujeau

When I got married five years ago, we took the time to properly introduce our cats and dogs to one another. Among them was my spouse’s gentle giant of a dog named Bujeau. She was a 90-pound Bernese Mountain Dog mix who loved cats and was generally mellow except for two triggers – thunderstorms and veterinary visits. She had developed severe noise phobia from the loud, booming thunderstorms typical in Dallas, Texas, and she went into major panic mode by drooling, shaking and even piddling when entering the veterinary clinic for even routine exams. She tried to squeeze her mountain of a body under my chair in the lobby.

Working with my veterinarian, Dr. Debora Charles of the Casa Linda Animal Clinic, we decided that Bujeau would greatly benefit from trazodone before predictable events that caused her panic.

Trazodone was a positive game changer for Bujeau. I gave her a tablet about 90 minutes before a storm or vet visit. I also paired the trazodone with a high-grade treat, usually small pieces of boiled chicken, to help counter condition her association with these stress triggers.

Trazodone was a success. Bujeau even remained calm and mellow while being bathed, brushed and trimmed by the professional pet groomer at the veterinary clinic.

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Arden Moore is a pet behavior consultant, master certified pet first aid instructor, best-selling author, host of Arden Moore’s Four Legged Life national radio show and host of the Oh Behave Show on Pet Life Radio. Learn more at www.ardenmoore.com.

Hearing your dog whimper or yelp can definitely jar you. Seeing your pup limp can worry you. Witnessing your senior dog with arthritis gingerly walk up steps can make you cringe.

Like us, our dogs are not shielded from pain that is simply defined as any physical discomfort caused by injury or disease. Pain can be acute, such as suffering from a broken leg, or chronic, such as contending constantly with arthritis in the joints. And pain can definitely affect your dog’s behavior, shifting him from being energetic and happy to one who now hides, acts depressed or becomes a bit nippy if you touch a painful area on his body.

“Fixing pain is one of the most rewarding activities I’ve been involved in during my career, as it allows me to facilitate, enhance, lengthen and strengthen the precious family-pet relationship,” says Dr. Robin Downing, a veterinarian board-certified as a veterinary pain practitioner and canine rehabilitation practitioner, who heads The Downing Center for Animal Pain Management in Windsor, Colorado.

She points to a watershed moment during veterinary school in the 1980s when a professor advised to not take away all of the pain in dogs recovering from surgeries because the dogs would “move around and hurt themselves.”

“Even then, as a mere student, that did not sound right,” says Dr. Downing, who is now regarded as a leader in pain management for pets.

Fortunately for our dogs, pain management is garnering much-needed attention in recent years. The growing arsenal of pain-relieving options now ranges from medications, laser therapy, acupuncture, acupressure and hydrotherapy to joint supplements and basic warm-ups before vigorous hikes or runs followed by muscle- stretching cooldowns.

Let’s take a closer look at medications, therapies and supplements used for pain management. Here are four common medications prescribed to dogs to alleviate pain:

Prednisone

This steroid is used to replace or supplement glucocorticoids in dogs dealing with shock or Addison’s disease. It is also used as an anti-inflammatory for dogs experiencing pain, fevers or cancers, such as lymphoma.

“The pros of using a steroid are that it has great immediate effects of reducing pain and inflammation in our pets,” says Dr. Lindsay Butzer, a second-generation veterinarian at the Clint Moore Animal Hospital in Boca Raton, Florida, and PetMeds Partner. “The cons are that a steroid cannot be used long-term due to severe side effects, such as developing liver disease, Cushing’s disease, diabetes and because it suppresses the immune system.”

Tramadol

This opioid is used for pain control and blocks pain pathways in a dog’s body. It is often used to control post-surgical or chronic pain for dogs dealing with arthritis or hip dysplasia.

“The pros of tramadol are that it is a non-expensive pain drug with a wide margin or safety and minimal organ damage,” Dr. Butzer says. “The cons are that it can lower the threshold for seizures in dogs with a history of epilepsy and can cause moderate constipation.”

Gabapentin

This neuropathic pain medication is generally used as a sedative and pain medication. It helps keep dogs calm and relaxed.

“Gabapentin has been available as a low-cost generic for dogs for nearly 20 years,” Dr. Downing says.

Adds Dr. Butzer, “It has a wide margin of safety and there is very little organ dysfunction noticed on bloodwork after long-term use. The cons of gabapentin are minimal. Most dogs have no side effects.”

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatiories (NSAIDS)

This pain category includes drugs Rimadyl, Galliprant, Previcox and Metacam — all formulated for dogs.

“NSAIDS remain the cornerstones of pain management, both acute and chronic,” Dr. Downing says. “They address pain and inflammation. There is no one ‘best’ NSAID, as the best NSAID is the one that works best for a specific patient.”

When paired with other pain-relieving products over time, veterinarians can safely lower the NSAID dose.

“This lowering provides potential protection of the organs responsible for clearing the drug from the body,” Dr. Downing says.

Major caution: Never give your dog human NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, as they can cause renal failure and even death.

“It is not safe to give your dog over-the-counter pain medicine, Tylenol or Advil for pain,” Dr. Downing says. “Ibuprofen is very toxic in dogs and can cause death. OTC meds from the human medicine cabinet are just not a good choice.”

Supplements for Pain

Dr. Butzer acknowledges the rise in interest among pet parents to give their dogs CBD oil or joint supplements that contain glucosamine chondroitin.

“CBD has been used now for over a decade and has been showing great pain relief in pets with safe dosing margins,” Dr. Butzer says. “As for supplements, look for those with the NASC (National Animal Supplement Council) quality seal, as you can feel confident that this product comes from a company that is committed to quality and consistency.”

Dr. Downing says nutraceuticals are in their own class for pain relief in dogs but unleashes this advice:

“Buyer beware,” she says. “This is a relatively unregulated industry, although it has gotten better in recent years. We now have several safe and effective nutraceuticals that have study data to support their use.”

Verdict: Both say to always talk to your veterinarian before giving your dog any OTC product.

Expect pain management in dogs to continue evolving.

“Technology continues to advance, so who knows what additional options we will have available that utilize various types of energy or mechanics?” Dr. Downing says. “At some point, the holy grail of cartilage replacement will be discovered and that will be a game changer in osteoarthritis management.”

Pain-Relieving Therapeutic Options

The healing power of touch can be effective in relieving pain in dogs. A pioneer in the use of

acupressure on pets is Sue Furman, PhD, founder of the Holistic Touch Therapy School of Canine Massage and Acupressure in Victoria, Texas.

“Acupressure is used to control pain, cure disease and promote healing,” Dr. Furman says. “The meridians or channels in a body are called Chi, which is considered life energy. When Chi gets blocked, it can initiate pain or discomfort or disease. If you stimulate particular points, you can initiate healing.”

For some canine patients, Dr. Downing combines the use of therapeutic laser (known as photobiomodulation) followed by acupuncture. She also has some pet parents use the tPEMF (Assisi loop) in between clinic sessions at home.

“All of these are safe physical modalities that play a role in canine chronic pain management,” she says. “They are safe, effective and grounded in good data.”

How often should I trim my dog’s nails?

Dog’s nails should be trimmed every three to four weeks, regardless of the dog’s breed, size or nail color.

Tools for trimming dog nails at home:

You’ll need the following tools to trip nails at home. You can get these at a dog retail store or online at Chewy or Amazon.

Will trimming my dog’s nails hurt him?

Yes, if you trim the quick. The quick is located near the nail base and can be very painful and bleed. The quick can go up toward the center of the nail and is the most sensitive part because it’s full of blood vessels and nerves. You can quickly stop the bleeding by putting styptic powder on the nail. Avoid trimming the quick by trimming just the top of the nail above the quick. If you can’t see the quick because your dog’s nails are black, only trim a tiny bit or take your dog to a professional groomer.

How to safely trim my dog’s nails

1. Keep your dog in a well-lit and quiet environment to reduce outside stimuli. With an assistant, arrange him in a secure hold, such as in your lap or on his side.
2. Gently grasp your dog’s paw with your thumb over the top of his paw and press your index finger above his paw pad to extend the nails.
3. Locate the nail quick and cut one nail at a time above the quick, clipping only a small portion at a smooth side angle with the clippers. On light-colored nails, a small dark dot will appear in the middle after clipping, indicating the quick is close. That’s a good stopping point. Dew claws, located higher on the front legs, also require additional care.
4. If you do not see a small black dot after clipping, continue to cut further and watch for any cracking. Always work at a comfortable pace and stop anytime if needed.
5. If you accidentally hit your dog’s quick and cause bleeding, immediately wet a Q-tip lightly with water, dip it into styptic powder and press on the nail for 20 to 30 seconds to stop bleeding. It is also effective to press loose styptic powder on their nails. Keep monitoring this nail and do not clip any further.
6. Continue this process with each paw. You did it! Give your dog a big kiss and treat!

How to trim black dog nails

Unlike light-colored nails in dogs, black nails are usually prone to hide quicks or cracks, even in a well-lit environment. Take extra precaution with these black nails and cut only a little at a time while monitoring for any bleeding.

Fear not! If you slowly introduce your dog to nail clippers and continue to trim your dog’s nails in a relaxing setting with treats and praise, your dog will associate nail trims more positively, but it takes time and patience.

Imagine being picked up by a stranger and transported to a completely new world, where everything is new to you. Everything you see, hear, touch and smell is scary. That’s what happens when you bring a new puppy home. Your world is foreign and maybe even a bit scary to her. This is why puppy playtime is important: to socialize your dog! During puppy development, your dog is learning what the world is, either full of fun things or scary things. It’s up to you to do everything you can to properly socialize your dog to a wide variety of people, dogs and anything else she may encounter during her life so that she sees the world as a wonderful place to be and can relax within your home.

What is puppy playtime?

Puppy Playtime is really a training session where you are working with your puppy to socialize her with other dogs, people and things. Puppies have a critical socialization period from birth to about 12 to 16 weeks, explains Dr. Carley Faughn, a certified applied animal behaviorist with a PhD in Cognitive Science focusing on animal behavior and cognition, who works as a senior strategist at Best Friends Animal Society.

During that time, it is essential that your dog be exposed to as many things as possible. The key, however, is to have those exposures be positive, says Amanda Cornell, a Certified Professional Dog Trainer-Knowledge Assessed and owner of Accomplished Canines.

Both Accomplished Canines and Best Friends Animals Society offer robust puppy playtime programs to help socialize young dogs and get them started on the right paw in life. At Best Friends, littermates are brought into a sanitized room each day. During their playtime, volunteers come in to act as friendly strangers. Some with sunglasses. Some with hats. Some tall, some short. Puppies are also introduced to things they may encounter in their everyday life, such as the vacuum, umbrellas, bikes, etc.

The key is to make these interactions positive, so your puppy learns to like meeting new people or can sleep through the vacuum cleaner. To do this, pair something the puppy likes with these new experiences. Reward your puppy with a food reward when she goes toward a stranger or checks out the vacuum (turned off at first) or hears the microwave door open and shut, Dr. Faughn says. Some puppies may also like petting as a reward. Others may need higher rewards, like chopped-up hot dog or cheese, if they are more nervous or stressed, she adds.

A positive association with handling is another key to puppy playtime. Dr. Faughn says to introduce your puppy to collars, leashes and harnesses, as well as being touched everywhere and being picked up. For some puppies, these things are no big deal. For others, you will have to go slow and offer high rewards. For example, you may have to reward your puppy for just looking at the collar at first, working up to her being OK with it going around her neck.

We do a lot of strange things with our dogs that we expect them to be OK with — from taking car rides and wearing clothes to getting vet checkups and chilling out on the couch to a loud movie. Puppy playtime is important in order to create that well-adjusted, laid-back dog everyone wants, Amanda says.

Steps to socialize your dog with puppy playtime

All this puppy socialization may seem overwhelming to you. But really, it’s just taking a few minutes each day to expose your puppy to something new. Here are some steps to socializing your dog with puppy playtime:

• Have puppy playtime daily.
• Make sure all interactions are positive for your puppy. Reward her and pay attention to her body language so you know if you have to change the situation if she is getting stressed or anxious.
• Have a checklist so you can keep track of what and who you have exposed your puppy to, Dr. Faughn suggests. This is also a good place to keep notes if you need to remember what your puppy had a hard time with so you know to work more on that.
• Don’t stop socializing at 16 weeks of age, when the critical period is over. This training should continue into adult and, for some dogs, longer.
• Don’t overwhelm your puppy. Things like “puppy parties,” where you invite everyone over to meet your new dog, can actually overwhelm them Dr. Faughn says. It’s better to just have a short visit with one or two people, or one friendly dog.
• Keep playtime short. Puppies have short attention spans and do best with short, positive sessions.
• Focus on just a couple things at a time. Rather than try to expose your puppy to everything at once, pick two or three things each day to work on.

Why is socializing with dogs important?

Finally, don’t forget that your puppy also needs to be socialized to other dogs. Usually, puppies get socialization from their mom and littermates for the first eight weeks of their lives, Dr. Faughn explains. But that doesn’t mean they don’t need continued interaction with other dogs.

Socializing with other dogs teaches them social skills, like how to navigate different dog personalities and play styles, Amanda explains. These are vital lessons so your dog can be a good canine citizen around other dogs. When dogs interact, the adults will correct puppies, teaching them the lessons they need to socialize properly throughout their lives.

Whether you are socializing your dog with people, things or other dogs, it’s important to learn dog body language (check out this poster of dog body language that you can buy) so you can tell when your puppy is stressed or nervous at any time. If she is, put space between her and whatever is making her nervous and/or up the reward so you can help her overcome her fear. Otherwise, those fears will stay with your dog throughout her life and may even get worse.

When can puppies start socializing with other dogs?

Because the critical socialization period ends between 12 and 16 weeks, start socializing puppies with other dogs immediately, Amanda says.

But what about vaccines? Recent findings from the veterinary field shows that puppies typically are fully vaccinated at 16 weeks, when they get their last round of shots, Dr. Faughn says. She adds that it’s best to talk to your vet about any concerns you may have.

So, what do you do until 16 weeks so you can still socialize your puppy with other dogs? The best thing to do, if they cannot interact with their littermates, is to find puppies on the same vaccination schedule — or close to — or fully vaccinated, dog-friendly adult dogs, Dr. Faughn says.

Setting up playdates for your puppy

Puppy playdates for dog socialization must be done safely. This means making sure all dogs are vaccinated and that any dog you are introducing your puppy to is known to be dog-friendly. If you are not sure if a dog is good with puppies, put your puppy in an X-pen (an enclosed exercise pen) at first, Amanda suggests. This way, both dogs can be off leash, but there is a barrier to protect your puppy until you are sure the other dog is well-behaved around puppies.

Are dog parks good for socializing puppies?

Socializing dogs is a tricky business. You do not want your puppy attacked or frightened. Meeting one friendly dog at a time is best. This is one of the reasons why dog parks are not a good idea for puppies. They can become quickly overwhelmed if a rush of adult dogs comes at them. Dr. Faughn also points out that dog parks are full of disease and germs that your puppy is not vaccinated for yet. Pet parents often do not watch their dogs very closely at dog parks either, which can lead to trouble if a dog decides to play rough or gets aggressive with your puppy.

Is puppy playtime important?

Puppy playtime is a necessary and crucial part of puppy raising. All pet parents need to make sure they are doing everything they can to help their puppy grow into a well-socialized adult dog. Of course, you can do all the right things and still end up with a dog who is nervous about some things or becomes reactive. This is due to the fact that their genetics, including temperament and instincts, play a role in their personality, as does whatever they experienced before they came into your home, Dr. Faughn explains. The best thing you can do if you encounter something you are not sure about is to remain calm yourself — if you get anxious, your puppy will just be more stressed — and get in touch with a certified dog trainer who uses positive reinforcement techniques. To find a certified trainer in your area, check out the Certification Council for Professional Dog Trainers.

Goldendoodles, a cross between a Poodle and Golden Retriever, were first bred in 1970 as service dogs and have since become the most desired of the Doodle breeds. People are drawn to the friendly, affectionate and loyal qualities of the Golden Retriever – along with the Goldendoodle’s signature fluffy cuteness, plus the obedient, intelligent and low-shedding Poodle. Goldendoodle dog breeders hope to bring out these most desirable traits in the offspring. Goldendoodles are not official AKC breeds and therefore, there’s no guarantee or standard for temperament or appearance. Educating yourself on the parent breeds and researching reputable breeders is your best bet when deciding if this dog is right for you.

Here’s everything you need to know about Goldendoodles.

What it a Goldendoodle?

A Goldendoodle is a cross between a Golden Retriever and a Toy, Miniature or Standard Poodle.

What is a Goldendoodle like?

The Goldendoodle was one of the first Doodles (designer dogs that are one part Poodle) to be bred and remains one of the most popular designer dogs – similar to its parent breed, the loyal and friendly Golden Retriever. The Golden Retriever is extremely social, playful and loves to be given a job. When mixed with the highly alert, sensitive and intelligent Poodle, the Goldendoodle, if left unstimulated and untrained, can have overwhelming energy levels for a family. Goldendoodles thrive off human interaction and can be prone to separation anxiety. They really love their owners! Both Golden Retrievers and Poodles are highly trainable and Goldendoodle puppies should start socialization as soon as possible.

Mini Goldendoodle or Standard Goldendoodles – how big are Goldendoodles?

Because there are no size standards, Goldendoodles have a wide height and weight range, based on the size of the Poodle. The Goldendoodle Association of North America, the Goldendoodle’s breed club, accepts breeders who produce all size Goldendoodles in order to keep the gene pool open.

Here’s the range of Goldendoodle sizes:

• Petite: shorter than 14 inches, 25 pounds or less
• Miniature: between 14 and 17 inches, 26 to 35 pounds
• Medium: between 17 and 21 inches, 36 to 50 pounds
• Standard: taller than 21 inches, 51 pounds or more

Verify with your Goldendoodle breeder what size dog you will be getting.

How active is a Goldendoodle?

Goldendoodles need to be mentally and physically active throughout the day to quell high social, intellectual and physical needs. To prevent these dogs from getting bored, offer varying physical and mental challenges and tasks, such a retrieving games with toys and food, along with human interaction and some down time. Dog daycare, or a dog walker who can stop by multiple times a day are good options for families or individuals who can’t provide enough activity for their Goldendoodle. Both Golden Retrievers and Standard Poodles are commonly trained as service dogs, and a Goldendoodle will also enjoy taking on the mental challenge of having a job.

Is a Goldendoodle right for a family?

Goldendoodles thrive with active families or singles who match the energy level and together time that the Goldendoodle requires. Goldendoodles will get bored napping or lying around all day, which could bring out undesirable qualities. These dogs enjoy being outdoors, so homes or apartments with access to a fenced-in yard are best. Goldendoodles want to be an integral part of your life and will enjoy joining you during most physical activities and social gatherings. Manners training as soon as possible is recommended to help your Goldendoodle learn when it’s appropriate to be rowdy and when it’s rest time.

How long do Goldendoodles live?

Goldendoodles live for about 12 to 15 years, depending on their size and health conditions. Golden Retrievers are prone to cancer, elbow and hip dysplasia and eye conditions, while Poodles also can suffer from hip dysplasia, eye problems and orthopedic problems in Toy and Miniature Poodles. There isn’t enough research on whether these health conditions affect the Goldendoodle lifespan. The GANA aims to keep the gene pools open in the hopes of overcoming these genetic health concerns of the parent breeds.

Do Goldendoodles need much grooming?

The Golden Retriever and the Poodle are on opposite sides of the shedding spectrum. While the Golden Retriever has a thick, water-repellant double coat and is a heavy shedder, the Poodle is low-shedding and needs to be brushed daily to prevent severe matting that, if unattended, can lead to a full shave to start new growth. The Goldendoodle’s coat texture – and grooming needs – will depend on the coat type of the Poodle, which can range from straight to curly. Curly coats tend to shed less, which is helpful for people with allergies, but will require regular trims and brushing.

Goldendoodles are a lively and playful addition to a family. Educating yourself on both the Poodle’s and the Golden Retriever’s personalities will help your family prepare for bringing a Goldendoodle puppy into your home.

For more information: The Goldendoodle Association of North America

How often should I trim my dog’s nails?

Dog’s nails should be trimmed every three to four weeks, regardless of the dog’s breed, size or nail color.

Tools for trimming dog nails at home:

You’ll need the following tools to trip nails at home. You can get these at a dog retail store or online at Chewy or Amazon.

Will trimming my dog’s nails hurt him?

Yes, if you trim the quick. The quick is located near the nail base and can be very painful and bleed. The quick can go up toward the center of the nail and is the most sensitive part because it’s full of blood vessels and nerves. You can quickly stop the bleeding by putting styptic powder on the nail. Avoid trimming the quick by trimming just the top of the nail above the quick. If you can’t see the quick because your dog’s nails are black, only trim a tiny bit or take your dog to a professional groomer.

How to safely trim my dog’s nails

1. Keep your dog in a well-lit and quiet environment to reduce outside stimuli. With an assistant, arrange him in a secure hold, such as in your lap or on his side.
2. Gently grasp your dog’s paw with your thumb over the top of his paw and press your index finger above his paw pad to extend the nails.
3. Locate the nail quick and cut one nail at a time above the quick, clipping only a small portion at a smooth side angle with the clippers. On light-colored nails, a small dark dot will appear in the middle after clipping, indicating the quick is close. That’s a good stopping point. Dew claws, located higher on the front legs, also require additional care.
4. If you do not see a small black dot after clipping, continue to cut further and watch for any cracking. Always work at a comfortable pace and stop anytime if needed.
5. If you accidentally hit your dog’s quick and cause bleeding, immediately wet a Q-tip lightly with water, dip it into styptic powder and press on the nail for 20 to 30 seconds to stop bleeding. It is also effective to press loose styptic powder on their nails. Keep monitoring this nail and do not clip any further.
6. Continue this process with each paw. You did it! Give your dog a big kiss and treat!

How to trim black dog nails

Unlike light-colored nails in dogs, black nails are usually prone to hide quicks or cracks, even in a well-lit environment. Take extra precaution with these black nails and cut only a little at a time while monitoring for any bleeding.

Fear not! If you slowly introduce your dog to nail clippers and continue to trim your dog’s nails in a relaxing setting with treats and praise, your dog will associate nail trims more positively, but it takes time and patience.

Goldendoodles, a cross between a Poodle and Golden Retriever, were first bred in 1970 as service dogs and have since become the most desired of the Doodle breeds. People are drawn to the friendly, affectionate and loyal qualities of the Golden Retriever – along with the Goldendoodle’s signature fluffy cuteness, plus the obedient, intelligent and low-shedding Poodle. Goldendoodle dog breeders hope to bring out these most desirable traits in the offspring. Goldendoodles are not official AKC breeds and therefore, there’s no guarantee or standard for temperament or appearance. Educating yourself on the parent breeds and researching reputable breeders is your best bet when deciding if this dog is right for you.

Here’s everything you need to know about Goldendoodles.

What it a Goldendoodle?

A Goldendoodle is a cross between a Golden Retriever and a Toy, Miniature or Standard Poodle.

What is a Goldendoodle like?

The Goldendoodle was one of the first Doodles (designer dogs that are one part Poodle) to be bred and remains one of the most popular designer dogs – similar to its parent breed, the loyal and friendly Golden Retriever. The Golden Retriever is extremely social, playful and loves to be given a job. When mixed with the highly alert, sensitive and intelligent Poodle, the Goldendoodle, if left unstimulated and untrained, can have overwhelming energy levels for a family. Goldendoodles thrive off human interaction and can be prone to separation anxiety. They really love their owners! Both Golden Retrievers and Poodles are highly trainable and Goldendoodle puppies should start socialization as soon as possible.

Mini Goldendoodle or Standard Goldendoodles – how big are Goldendoodles?

Because there are no size standards, Goldendoodles have a wide height and weight range, based on the size of the Poodle. The Goldendoodle Association of North America, the Goldendoodle’s breed club, accepts breeders who produce all size Goldendoodles in order to keep the gene pool open.

Here’s the range of Goldendoodle sizes:

• Petite: shorter than 14 inches, 25 pounds or less
• Miniature: between 14 and 17 inches, 26 to 35 pounds
• Medium: between 17 and 21 inches, 36 to 50 pounds
• Standard: taller than 21 inches, 51 pounds or more

Verify with your Goldendoodle breeder what size dog you will be getting.

How active is a Goldendoodle?

Goldendoodles need to be mentally and physically active throughout the day to quell high social, intellectual and physical needs. To prevent these dogs from getting bored, offer varying physical and mental challenges and tasks, such a retrieving games with toys and food, along with human interaction and some down time. Dog daycare, or a dog walker who can stop by multiple times a day are good options for families or individuals who can’t provide enough activity for their Goldendoodle. Both Golden Retrievers and Standard Poodles are commonly trained as service dogs, and a Goldendoodle will also enjoy taking on the mental challenge of having a job.

Is a Goldendoodle right for a family?

Goldendoodles thrive with active families or singles who match the energy level and together time that the Goldendoodle requires. Goldendoodles will get bored napping or lying around all day, which could bring out undesirable qualities. These dogs enjoy being outdoors, so homes or apartments with access to a fenced-in yard are best. Goldendoodles want to be an integral part of your life and will enjoy joining you during most physical activities and social gatherings. Manners training as soon as possible is recommended to help your Goldendoodle learn when it’s appropriate to be rowdy and when it’s rest time.

How long do Goldendoodles live?

Goldendoodles live for about 12 to 15 years, depending on their size and health conditions. Golden Retrievers are prone to cancer, elbow and hip dysplasia and eye conditions, while Poodles also can suffer from hip dysplasia, eye problems and orthopedic problems in Toy and Miniature Poodles. There isn’t enough research on whether these health conditions affect the Goldendoodle lifespan. The GANA aims to keep the gene pools open in the hopes of overcoming these genetic health concerns of the parent breeds.

Do Goldendoodles need much grooming?

The Golden Retriever and the Poodle are on opposite sides of the shedding spectrum. While the Golden Retriever has a thick, water-repellant double coat and is a heavy shedder, the Poodle is low-shedding and needs to be brushed daily to prevent severe matting that, if unattended, can lead to a full shave to start new growth. The Goldendoodle’s coat texture – and grooming needs – will depend on the coat type of the Poodle, which can range from straight to curly. Curly coats tend to shed less, which is helpful for people with allergies, but will require regular trims and brushing.

Goldendoodles are a lively and playful addition to a family. Educating yourself on both the Poodle’s and the Golden Retriever’s personalities will help your family prepare for bringing a Goldendoodle puppy into your home.

For more information: The Goldendoodle Association of North America